It is my understanding that the early DF140s had a steel plug, which was in contact with the aluminum engine holder, and the water in the exhaust. This combo caused the aluminum close to the plug to corrode fairly rapidly (galvanic corrosion). The plug was redesigned, I think in '05. My '05 has what appears to be an aluminum plug. The plug was eliminated around '08.
So long as the steel plug is still in your engine, you are getting accelerated corrosion of the aluminum near the plug. The fix, as mentioned above is to remove the plug and weld in an aluminum repair patch.
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